Research Papers Authored and Co-Authored by Dr Erfan Salloum
Finishing and Detailing with Fixed Appliances: Why It Matters
Finishing and detailing with the pre-adjusted edgewise labial fixed appliance: the why, the what and the how
Orthodontic Update, 2024
Donovan J, McMorrow S, Salloum E, Millett DT, McIntyre GT
Summary
This peer-reviewed article explains why finishing and detailing are essential parts of orthodontic treatment. Importantly, it shows that finishing does not start at the end of treatment. Instead, it begins at the planning stage and continues throughout treatment.
The paper describes how careful bracket placement, archwire coordination, and bite refinement help achieve good aesthetics, proper function, and long-term stability. It also highlights how poor finishing can increase the risk of relapse.
Clinical relevance
This research supports a precise and structured approach to orthodontic treatment. It helps ensure that teeth are not only straight at the end of treatment, but also stable, functional, and well balanced in the long term.
The Twin-Block Appliance for Class II Correction
The Twin-block appliance for correction of Class II Division 1 malocclusion
Dental Update, 2021
Salloum E, Millett DT, McIntyre GT
Summary
This clinical review explains how the Twin-Block appliance is used to treat Class II Division 1 malocclusion in growing patients. It covers patient selection, appliance design, construction bite recording, and treatment timing.
In addition, the paper reviews the scientific evidence behind Twin-Block treatment. It shows that most overjet correction comes from tooth movement rather than large skeletal changes. It also explains why growth timing and patient cooperation are critical for success.
Clinical relevance
This publication supports realistic and evidence-based use of functional appliances. It helps clinicians and parents understand what Twin-Block treatment can achieve, and just as importantly, what its limitations are.
Soft Tissue Changes with Twin-Block Treatment: What Really Lasts
Soft tissue changes: a comparison between changes caused by the construction bite and by successful treatment with a modified Twin-block appliance
European Journal of Orthodontics, 2018
Salloum E, Millett DT, Kelly N, McIntyre GT, Cronin MS
Summary
This original research study used 3D facial imaging to compare early facial changes seen with the Twin-Block construction bite to the changes present after treatment was completed.
The study found that early facial changes often overestimate the final result. In particular, changes to the lower lip and chin seen at the start of treatment were about 50% greater than those present at the end.
Clinical relevance
This research is important for patient communication. It helps explain why early facial improvements may reduce over time and supports honest, realistic expectations when discussing treatment outcomes with patients and parents.
